An aneurysm is a dangerous bulge that forms in a weak blood vessel. Studying the Blood Pulse Flow CFD inside these bulges helps doctors save lives. When your heart pumps, it sends blood in waves, not a steady stream. This is called pulsatile flow. When this pulsing blood enters an aneurysm, it creates complex swirling patterns that put extra stress on the weak vessel wall. An Aneurysm CFD simulation allows doctors to see these dangerous flow patterns without any risk to the patient. This study of hemodynamics, or blood movement, is critical. The slow, swirling flow can lead to blood clots (thrombus formation), which can be very dangerous. A good Blood Pulse Flow In Aneurysm Fluent analysis can predict which aneurysms are likely to grow or burst, helping doctors decide on the best treatment. This CFD study is guided by the methods in a reference paper [1].

• Reference [1]: Suh, Ga-Young, et al. “Hemodynamic changes quantified in abdominal aortic aneurysms with increasing exercise intensity using MR exercise imaging and image-based computational fluid dynamics.” Annals of biomedical engineering39 (2011): 2186-2202.

Figure 1: Schematic of the Aneurysm geometry model, based on the reference paper for this Biomedical CFD Analysis [1].

Simulation Process: Fluent Setup, Meshing the Artery and Defining Pulsatile Flow

For this Aneurysm Fluent simulation, we started with a 3D geometry model created from real patient MRA images. Using Fluent Meshing, we created a high-quality grid made of 646,747 polyhedra cells. This special type of grid gives accurate results with fewer cells. The most important part of the setup was to model the heart’s natural pumping action. To do this, we wrote a User-Defined Function (UDF). This special code creates the realistic pulsatile flow at the inlet of the artery, making the simulation very close to what happens in the human body.

Figure 2: The polyhedra mesh with 646,747 cells used for the Blood Pulse Flow In Aneurysm CFD simulation.

Post-processing: CFD Analysis, Visualizing Blood Flow and Artery Wall Stress

The velocity contour provides a clear, professional visual of the blood’s journey. In the normal, narrow parts of the artery, the blood moves very fast, reaching speeds of almost 4.0 m/s. However, when the blood enters the wide, balloon-like aneurysm sacs, it slows down a lot and begins to swirl. These swirling areas, called vortices, are a key feature of aneurysm hemodynamics. This professional visual shows how the pulsing flow from the heart creates these complex patterns. These slow, swirling motions can cause problems over time, as they can lead to the formation of blood clots.

Figure 3: Velocity distribution from the Blood Pulse Flow Fluent analysis, showing high-speed jets and slow, swirling flow inside the aneurysm sacs.

The wall shear stress contour tells us about the forces on the artery wall. This force is like friction from the moving blood. In most of the healthy artery, the friction is very low (below 0.1). But our analysis found dangerous hot spots, especially at the “neck” where the aneurysm connects to the artery. In these areas, the stress is much higher, up to 0.54. This high stress can weaken the wall further. Inside the aneurysm sacs, the stress is very low. This seems good, but it is actually a problem because very low friction allows blood cells to stick to the wall and form dangerous clots. The most important achievement of this simulation is the successful identification of specific high-stress and low-stress zones, which provides doctors with a detailed map to predict where the aneurysm is most likely to grow, burst, or form clots, allowing for personalized and life-saving treatment decisions.

Figure 4: Wall Shear Stress (WSS) distribution from the Aneurysm CFD simulation, highlighting high-risk zones on the artery wall.