Nanofluid Heat Transfer By Nusselt Number CFD Simulation, Analytical Validation

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Description

Nanofluid heat transfer, especially using Al2O3 (alumina) nanoparticles, has gotten much attention lately because it could make heat transfer more efficient in many different thermal systems. The main objective of this study is to validate how well Al2O3 nanofluids move heat by comparing CFD simulations and analytical formulations. The Nusselt number, which is an essential part of convective heat movement, is used as the primary measure for this confirmation.

 

Simulation Process

A 1-cm sphere is placed in a rectangular domain. The grid features a thin boundary layer on sphere walls that gradually increase in size, leading to 1398307 elements. Despite the presence of Al2O3 nanoparticles, a single-phase approach is adopted. This inclination requires appropriated thermal properties calculation. As given in the literature, the following analytical formulation governs Nusselt Number:

    \[ \mathrm{Nu} = 2 + 0.66\mathrm{Re}^{0.5}_{D} \mathrm{Pr}^{0.33} \]

    \[ 1<\mathrm{Re}_{D}<10^5 \ \ , \ \ 0.6<\mathrm{Pr}<380 \]

In our case problem, Reynolds is 11190.

 

Post-processing

The analytical formulation suggests a Nusselt number of 112, but the CFD simulation comes up with a value of 106.92, which is only a 4.5% difference. This strong agreement between the two supports the CFD model’s ability to predict how heat moves through nanofluids accurately. Furthermore, the given velocity contour clearly shows how the flow behaves around the sphere, which is more proof of this. The contour demonstrates a symmetric flow pattern with a point of no movement at the front of the sphere (stagnation point) and a flow split at the back. This is what you would expect from the fluid dynamics in this situation. Clear vortices in the wake area behind the sphere also show that the model can accurately depict complex flow processes. This complete agreement between the analytical, computational, and visual data makes the CFD method even more reliable for studying how nanofluids transfer heat in similar setups.

  Analytical Formulation CFD Simulation Error
Nusselt Number 112 106.92 4.5%

 

FAQ

We pride ourselves on presenting unique products at CFDLAND. We stand out for our scientific rigor and validity. Our products are not based on guesswork or theoretical assumptions like many others. Instead, most of our products are validated using experimental or numerical data from valued scientific journals. Even if direct validation isn’t possible, we build our models and assumptions on the latest research, typically using reference articles to approximate reality.

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You can load geometry and mesh files, as well as case and data files, using any version of ANSYS Fluent.

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